Despite the efforts made by the Nigerian government, policy makers and other stakeholder to increase children vaccination against infections, measles vaccination coverage remains very low. While this problem is more profound in the northern part of Nigeria, its present form in Borno State even requires urgent attention. This study is an attempt to expose the issue. It conducts a policy simulation exercise on two measles immunization programs for children of age 9-23 months free immunization against measles with media awareness campaign (PolicyA) and free immunization against measles with house to house campaign (Policy B) to boost children measles immunization coverage. The study estimates the relative cost and the effectiveness measure such as the health benefits morbidity avoided and mortality averted. In what follows, it compares the cost per child covered and the cost-effectiveness ratios of the policy alternatives. The cost per child indicates that policy A has a lower cost and lower level of coverage, while policy B has a higher cost and a higher level of immunization coverage. In terms of cost of treating measles and the value of statistical life (VSL), the results of the cost effectiveness analysis show that both policies are efficient. However, policy A has a lower cost effectiveness ratio than policy B.
Project Reports
July 23, 2012
Policy Simulation Of Measles Immunization Programs For Children In Borno State
Despite the efforts made by the Nigerian government, policy makers and other stakeholder to increase children vaccination against infections, measles vaccination coverage remains very low. While this problem is more profound in the northern part of Nigeria, its present form in Borno State even requires urgent attention. This study is an attempt to expose the issue. It conducts […]
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Nigeria Economic Update (Issue 50)
Crude oil price experienced
a mixed week from November 18 to November 25, 2016. Specifically, OPEC basket
price and Brent crude price fluctuated, to a daily average of $44.6 (from
$42.33)and $48.3 (from $46.86)per barrel
respectively. The present oil volatility is as a result of sell-offs,
attributable to speculations/fears of an insufficient production cut by OPEC (in
its bid to control oversupply) - a deal scheduled for its next meeting on
November 30th 2016. This speculations have arisen due to
the reluctance of major OPEC member country (Saudi Arabia) to participate in the
potential oil cut dealwhich could exert a downward pressure on oil
prices. However, oil prices should rise if OPEC members agree to the oil cut
deal. Irrespective of the outcome of the meeting, Nigeria is exempted from the
potential crude oil cut. Thus, it will be optimal for the government to act
quickly to address the insurgence in the Niger Delta region, in order to raise domestic oil production as much as
possible.
The Chinese Model Of Infrastructure Development In Africa
Infrastructural
development is a key step in providing a competitive business environment for
African economies. It provides the backbone for poverty reduction strategies
and programmes designed to improve the livelihood of the poor. Africa is in
dire need of infrastructural development. The absence of quality infrastructure
in the continent holds back per capita economic growth by 2 percentage points
each year and depresses firm productivity by as much as 40 percent (Escribano
et al., 2008 and Kelly, 2012). Estimates suggest that around USD 90 billion is
required to close Africas infrastructure gap annually until 2020 (AICD, 2010).
Nigeria Economic Update (Issue 29)
OPEC weekly basket
price decreased marginally from $45.95 on June 24, 2016 to $45.26 on July 1,
2016,while Nigerias bonny light fell by $1, from $48.90 to $47.91.
The apparent decline in crude oil price was driven by lingering market demand
uncertainty, following the unexpected Brexit referendum. More so, ease
in supply disruptions in Nigeria and Canada may have contributed to the
downward pressure on prices. Going forward, until there is greater regulatory
precision on global oil output levels, prices may likely remain stuck or continue
to exhibit a downward trend. Although, Nigerias fiscal constraints slightly
relaxed with oil production increasing in the review week (following repairs on
sabotaged pipeline channels), potential global crude oil oversupply threatens
governments revenues. However, oversupply threats could be reduced if there is
a consensus on oil production quotas in the upcoming OPEC meeting.